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    Absolutely right, and I think we need a lot of work on new models
    with teeth, if we are going to work towards more multi-stakeholder
    models in international governance.  I think many are concerned
    about bias in US jurisdiction, and while I like the bias towards
    free speech, one cannot deny that a more international model would
    be more fair.  Question is how to develop one that works.<br>
    kind regards<br>
    SP<br>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2015-05-05 11:49, farzaneh badii
      wrote:<br>
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cite="mid:CAN1qJvDDPrawurZ4jRZ5Wc0Z-gUH0VBX7V7wMZz+21OmphE5+Q@mail.gmail.com"
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      <div dir="ltr">Effective international court is a very nice
        concept but international courts and tribunals have always been
        a soft law mechanism with no real judicial power. so we will go
        back to square one! I don't understand why we would need an
        international oversight if we can legally hold ICANN (the rule
        making part of ICANN) accountable in the court of law in the US
        ? some may say there are accessibility issues, well
        accessibility issues also exist in international mechanisms! In
        some international courts only states can file suits against
        states. I find the Independent Review Panel more effective than
        an international court !</div>
      <div class="gmail_extra"><br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">On 5 May 2015 at 13:28, Stephanie
          Perrin <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
              href="mailto:stephanie.perrin@mail.utoronto.ca"
              target="_blank">stephanie.perrin@mail.utoronto.ca</a>></span>
          wrote:<br>
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            <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> I agree too.  For an
              organization the size of ICANN, one ombudsman to cover a
              number of accountabilities should suffice.  On the other
              hand, I do agree that ICANN needs an international appeal
              mechanism for its decisions (ie a Court or Tribunal), I
              don't think that the Board should be the only appeal
              mechanism, but that is another matter entirely.<span
                class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
                  Stephanie Perrin</font></span>
              <div>
                <div class="h5"><br>
                  <br>
                  <div>On 2015-05-05 10:55, Seun Ojedeji wrote:<br>
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                    <p dir="ltr">I tend to agree with Sam on this one,
                      especially the pondering questions raised in
                      relation to international oversight.</p>
                    <p dir="ltr">Cheers!<br>
                      sent from Google nexus 4<br>
                      kindly excuse brevity and typos.</p>
                    <div class="gmail_quote">On 5 May 2015 17:15, "Sam
                      Lanfranco" <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:lanfran@yorku.ca" target="_blank">lanfran@yorku.ca</a>>

                      wrote:<br type="attribution">
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                          <div><big><small>Carlos, <br>
                                <br>
                                Thanks for your comment and flagging the
                                issues of an outside international
                                oversight body, the  ombudsmans
                                (ombudspersons?) office, and the
                                possibility of another office within
                                ICANN to address “these strategic
                                challenges”. Here are some quick
                                comments from the small to the big in
                                terms of challenges here. <br>
                                <br>
                                In terms of the choice between the
                                ombudsman and some other new ICANN
                                office, my personal view is to prefer
                                the ombudsman, and not just because it
                                would be less expensive in a time of
                                serious ICANN budget constraints
                                (another challenge). I find it hard to
                                envision a new ICANN office dealing with
                                DNS strategic challenges where that
                                office would not become a lightening rod
                                for a wide variety of external forces
                                interested in issues that would amount
                                to pressure for ICANN scope creep. As
                                well, administrative theory and evidence
                                suggests that a new office, in and of
                                itself, would risk scope creep within
                                its own work agenda, to bolster its
                                existence, especially in times of
                                constrained budgets. <br>
                                <br>
                                As for an international (outside)
                                oversight body, for me the core issues
                                are: (a) what principles are to be
                                upheld; (b) keeping clear what should be
                                inside the ICANN DNS system remit; and
                                (c) what within the DNS system should be
                                addressed elsewhere. The primary role of
                                an oversight body is to hold an entity
                                accountable to its remit. How does that
                                get defined in a way that an oversight
                                body: (i) doesn’t foster scope creep by
                                asking ICANN to be accountable for the
                                wrong things, and (ii) helps re-direct
                                DNS concerns (especially content and
                                intellectual property issues) to other
                                appropriate venues? <br>
                                <br>
                                Sam L.<br>
                              </small><i><small><br>
                                  On 05/05/2015 11:35 AM, Carlos A.
                                  Afonso wrote:<br>
                                </small></i></big></div>
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                            <pre><big><i><small>Dear Sam,

Powerful message indeed. ICANN needs an outside international oversight
body which would, among other tasks, decidedly help in tackling these
strategic challenges.

But we (NCSG?) seem to agree on this oversight being reduced to an
office within ICANN. What would be the real difference between this
office and the ombudsman? My answer: the ombudsman is much cheaper.

fraternal regards

--c.a.</small></i></big></pre>
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        -- <br>
        <div class="gmail_signature">Farzaneh </div>
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